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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltam | om šoŋalt |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltat | ot šoŋalt |
| 3SG: | šoŋalteš | ok/ogeš šoŋalt |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šoŋalt |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šoŋalt |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltə̑t | ogə̑t šoŋalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltə̑m | šə̑m šoŋalt |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šoŋalt |
| 3SG: | šoŋalte | ə̑š šoŋalt |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltna | ə̑šna šoŋalt |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltda | ə̑šda šoŋalt |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltə̑č́ | ə̑št šoŋalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltə̑nam | šoŋaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltə̑nat | šoŋaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šoŋaltə̑n | šoŋaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltə̑nna | šoŋaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltə̑nda | šoŋaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltə̑nə̑t | šoŋaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltam ə̑l'e | om šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltat ə̑l'e | ot šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šoŋalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltam ulmaš | om šoŋalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltat ulmaš | ot šoŋalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šoŋalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šoŋalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šoŋalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šoŋalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šoŋalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | šoŋaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | šoŋaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šoŋaltə̑n ə̑l'e | šoŋaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | šoŋaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | šoŋaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šoŋaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltə̑nam ulmaš | šoŋaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltə̑nat ulmaš | šoŋaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šoŋaltə̑n ulmaš | šoŋaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltə̑nna ulmaš | šoŋaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltə̑nda ulmaš | šoŋaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šoŋaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šoŋalt | it šoŋalt |
| 3SG: | šoŋaltše | ə̑nže šoŋalt |
| 1PL: | (šoŋaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šoŋalt) |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltsa | ida šoŋalt |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šoŋalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltnem | ə̑nem šoŋalt |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltnet | ə̑net šoŋalt |
| 3SG: | šoŋaltneže | ə̑než šoŋalt |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltnena | ə̑nena šoŋalt |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltneda | ə̑neda šoŋalt |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltnešt | ə̑nešt šoŋalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šoŋaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šoŋaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šoŋalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šoŋaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net šoŋalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šoŋaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než šoŋalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šoŋaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda šoŋalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šoŋaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šoŋalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šoŋaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šoŋaltman |
| Active participle: | šoŋaltše |
| Passive participle: | šoŋaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šoŋaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | šoŋaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šoŋaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šoŋaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | šoŋaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šoŋaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šoŋaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šoŋaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | šoŋaltdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||